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INVESTMENT
POLICIES
Investment
Target
SEAF
Funds provide direct financing to locally established enterprises
in amounts ranging from about USD 1- 2 million per business in the
earlier funds to approximately USD 5 million in the more recent
funds. The investments are made primarily through equity participations,
often combined with quasi-equity financial instruments and subordinated
debt. SEAF usually invests in locally registered, private companies,
where SEAF Funds traditionally have taken the minority position.
However, in specific circumstances, SEAF Funds may own the majority
of the business.
Investment Restrictions
SEAF Funds
do not invest in any entities whose principal business involves the
manufacture, supply of, or other activities in the following areas:
- Tobacco
or tobacco products;
- Armament
productions or where 25 percent or more of the total production
output or turnover of the portfolio company is derived from military-related
activity;
- Beverages
with an alcoholic content exceeding 15 percent;
- Casino
or companies where the principal source of income is gambling;
- Speculative
investments in real estate or commodities;
Immoral and illegal activities; and
- Investments
that are harmful to the environment.
In addition
to the above list, there might be other activities or businesses,
investments which are restricted, limited or subject to special regulations,
depending on specific investment policies, guidelines or other principles
adopted by Investors in SEAF Funds.
Investment
Objectives
SEAF
has the following main investment objectives:
Business
Objectives
Each SEAF Fund operates on a commercial basis. Therefore, the companies
in which SEAF Funds invest must pass the most rigorous standards
of business and risk assessment. Our Investment Officers focus strictly
on businesses with attractive underlying fundamentals that derive
competitive advantages from their location in, or association with,
underserved communities. As SEAF's goal is to realize a good return
for limited partners, businesses must also have visionary entrepreneurs
and management teams that have the ambition to grow and succeed
in an increasingly competitive global economy.
Private
Enterprise Orientation
SEAF Funds focus on private enterprise investment . They will not
participate in the internal political and governmental workings
of countries including reform movements or demonstrations. SEAF
is committed to the concept that the best way to help emerging market
countries around the world is through a successful investment program,
where political and legal reforms follow as a natural result of
an increasingly expanding and vigorous private economy.
Local
Enterprise Focus
SEAF Funds concentrate their investing in local businesses that
have good prospects of being commercially viable and profitable.
Moreover, SEAF Funds invest in businesses that are capable of meeting
international competition while at the same time creating jobs,
increasing exports and leveraging the comparative advantages of
the particular countries.
Environmentally
Responsible
The investments of each SEAF Fund are expected to leave the local
physical environment in similar or better shape than existed prior
to the investment. Funds will work diligently to encourage its portfolio
companies to recognize that good environmental policies are also
good business policies, particularly in the long run.
Socially
Responsible
SEAF Funds will not invest in companies that do not operate in accordance
with the best international standards of business ethics. Portfolio
companies are expected to operate their enterprises in a transparent
manner and in full compliance with all applicable laws, rules, regulations
and decrees effective in the counties in which they do business.
Anti-Corruption
SEAF's mission as well as its duty to investors means that it must
act to minimize corruption and to act as responsibly as possible
in its investing decisions. In accomplishing this goal, SEAF follows
the guidelines set by both the US government and multi-lateral organizations.
As an entity based in the United States, SEAF is obligated by law
to obey the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. SEAF internal standards
regarding any manifestation of corrupt practices, such as bribes,
gifts, business courtesies or gratuities, form part of the Policy
of Conflicts of Interest and Compliance with Law.
Conflicts
of Interest & Compliance
SEAF expects the highest integrity from each of its directors, officers,
employees and consultants and has created a detailed policy regarding
conflicts of interest and issues of compliance. The policy is meant
to guide all professional and business activities in which SEAF
is engaged, particularly those actions relating to investments in
portfolio companies. The Policy sets forth standards for business
conduct at SEAF and is intended to guide the covered party in making
business decisions to ensure that SEAF achieves its mission.
Investment
Process
A formal
process is used to regularly populate a pipeline with invest-able
leads, with increasingly greater due diligence applied as potential
portfolio companies candidates are 'distilled' through the analyses.

Search/
Screen and Lead Stages - Each SEAF Fund takes a proactive approach
in identifying attractive investment opportunities by focusing on
industries that predominate in underserved economies and intensively
studying those industries to identify businesses and management
teams in which to invest
Potential
and Prospect Stages - Each SEAF Fund spends a considerable amount
of time and resources investigating the finances, management, operations
and market of each prospective portfolio company prior to consummating
an investment. When an investment is first proposed, the Investment
Officer will use a screening process to determine if the business
and investment opportunity meet SEAF's social and financial return
criteria.
Candidate
Stage - With a thorough understanding of the business, and after
having fully tested the investment thesis, Investment Officers
will devise
an investment structure affording the Fund with the opportunity
to exert significant influence over the direction and management
of its portfolio companies. Each SEAF Fund will attempt to limit
downside risk in appropriate situations by obtaining a senior level
or a secured position on an absolute return basis and deploying
leverage prudentially through the use of conservative capital structures.
The Investment Officer will work with management to devise aggressive
growth and profitability goals in developing investment structures.
In addition, the Investment Officer will predicate the financial
analysis on conservative and credible operating and financing plans.
Each Fund's legal documents will generally be structured to include
the necessary provisions, such as, corporate covenants and controls
which will allow SEAF to govern key strategic decisions regarding
capitalization, acquisitions, divestitures, capital expenditures,
remuneration, management changes and exits; protective features,
etc.
Approval
Stage - Consummating investments in small, privately held businesses
is a complex process. Once the management and shareholders of a
business accept an initial transaction proposal, the Fund will prepare,
negotiate and execute legal documentation to evidence the investment.
The fund's Investment Review Committee (IRC) will then review the
proposal and provide a disposition. This could include the setting
of milestones to drive the disbursement process.
Once the financing is completed, the Fund will set out to implement
its investment thesis, centered on accelerating the growth and profitability
of the business.
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